Method and system for activating a packet data subscriber context for packet data

ABSTRACT

A method and system for activating a context in a first network so as to transfer a call via said first network and a second network is provided. The method may include receiving a setup message according to an application protocol using a signaling or default context within a network, determining capability information based on the message according to the application protocol and activating a context using the determined capability information. The application protocol may be setup before activating the context.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/221,398,filed Oct. 29, 2002, which is a U.S. national stage of application No.PCT/EP00/02360, filed on Mar. 16, 2000. Priority is claimed on theseapplications.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a method and system for activating acontext in a first network so as to transfer a call via said firstnetwork and a second network. In particular, the first network may be acellular or mobile network such as the UMTS (Universal MobileTelecommunications System) or a GPRS (General Packet Radio Services)network.

2. Description of the Related Art

In contrast to circuit-switched networks, traditional IP-networks employa connectionless packet-switching paradigm which uses neither calladmission control nor per-call state within the network. Each packet issimply routed to its destination hop-by-hop according to the globallyunique IP destination address contained within the IP header. Individualdata flows do not receive a dedicated bandwidth, and the availablebandwidth is shared among all traffic. When the aggregate packet flowsent to an intermediate node output port is greater than the output linkrate, packets must be queued in the output buffer which causes delay.Furthermore, in periods of congestion, the output buffer may overflowand packets will be lost.

Although traditional packet-switched data networks such as X.25 andIP/Internet can achieve high bandwidths utilisation, they cannotsimultaneously offer sufficient QoS (Quality of Service) support forreal-time traffic such as voice. This is unlike newer packet-switchedtechnologies such as ATM and Frame Relay which are able to offer bothhigh utilisation and real-time QoS support simultaneously in anenvironment containing both real-time and non-real-time traffic. Thesedual goals of QoS support and efficiency can also be provided in an IPnetwork if a reservation protocol such as RSVP (ReSerVation setupProtocol) is used, although firm QoS guaranties can only be offeredprovided each intermediate router supports RSVP. Before the network canoffer a bandwidth guarantee, or reservation, to a specific data flow,admission control must ensure that the guarantee can be met i.e.sufficient resources exist in the network. Otherwise, the network willnot pledge the guarantee to the user.

The end-to-end QoS available to users of a packet-switched network willbe determined by two components. First, the amount of distortionintroduced by the network in terms of packet delay, delay variation andpacket loss. Second, the degree to which this network-induced distortioncan be removed, or compensated for, at the receiving terminal, a processcommonly referred to as terminal conditioning. Terminal conditioning mayincorporate such processes as the removal of jitter (delay variationamong packets) to reconstruct the original timing relationship betweenpackets at the receiver. In addition, it may allow the receiver torecover lost packets in cases where the sender employs some kind ofrobust encoding schemes that introduce redundancy among data packetstransmitted.

As already mentioned above, one of the approaches that in principlemight be used to guarantee, or at least maximise, the network layer QoSreceived by real-time traffic such as voice in multimediapacket-switched environment concerns reserving resources (bandwidths,buffer space) in the intermediate routers/switches for specific dataflows and is a method used by both ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) andIP/RSVP. The RSVP can be used by receiver and nodes to requestend-to-end reservations in accordance with the IETF (InternetEngineering Task Force) integrated services models. RSVP is specified inthe specification RFC 2205. In particular, RSVP is not a routingprotocol, but is merely used to reserve resources along the existingroute set up by whichever underlying routing protocol is in place. Acommunication session is identified by a combination of destinationaddress, transport layer protocol type and destination port number. Itis important to note that each RSVP operation only applies to packets ofa particular session and as such every RSVP message must include detailsof the session to which it applies. RSVP messages can be transported“raw” within IP datagrams using protocol number 46 although hosts withthis raw I/O capability may first encapsulate the RSVP messages within aUDP header.

In mobile networks such as UMTS or GPRS networks, sufficient end-to-endQoS for a call must be set up. To achieve this, a PDP (Packet DataProtocol) context with sufficient QoS is activated to transfer the voicetraffic. Thus, the QoS requirements of a call must be known by bothendpoints. By knowing the QoS requirements, the endpoints can set up thesufficient QoS with mechanisms depending on the environment of theendpoints. In combined networks where the mobile network is connected toan IP network, the RSVP has been proposed to signal the QoS requirementsbetween the networks. However, the RSVP causes unnecessary signaling totransfer the QoS requirements. Moreover, it is questionable whether theRSVP is scaleable enough to be used on a per-call basis.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method andsystem for activating a context, by means of which a capability exchangecan be performed in an efficient way.

In one embodiment, a method may include receiving a setup messageaccording to an application protocol using a signaling or defaultcontext within a network, determining capability information based onthe message according to the application protocol and activating acontext using the determined capability information. The applicationprotocol may be setup before activating the context.

In another embodiment, an apparatus may include a receiver configured toreceive a set-up message according to an application protocol using asignaling or default context within a network. The apparatus may alsoinclude a processor configured to determine capability information basedon the message according to the application protocol and to activate acontext using the determined capability information. The processor maybe configured to set up the application protocol before activating thecontext.

In another embodiment, a computer program embodied on acomputer-readable medium may control a processor to perform a process,including receiving a setup message according to an application protocolusing a signaling or default context within a network, determiningcapability information based on the message according to the applicationprotocol and activating a context using the determined capabilityinformation. The application protocol may be setup before activating thecontext.

In yet another embodiment, a system for activating a context in firstnetwork so as to transfer a call and/or transaction via said firstnetwork and a second network may include setup means for setting up aconnection according to an application protocol using a signaling ordefault context within said first network, determination means fordetermining a capability information based on a message of saidapplication protocol transmitted from said second network to said firstnetwork and activation means for activating said context based on saiddetermined capability information.

In still another embodiment, a terminal device for activating a contextin a first network so as to transfer a call and/or transaction via saidfirst network and a second network may include determination means fordetermining a capability information based on a message of anapplication protocol transmitted from said second network via said firstnetwork to said terminal device. A signaling or default context may beused within said first network. The terminal device may also includeactivation means for activating said context using said determinedcapability information.

Accordingly, there is no need to use the RSVP between the first networkand the second network to signal the capability information to therespective other connection end. A suitable end-to-end capability forthe call and/or transaction can be agreed in advance based on theapplication protocol message(s) transmitted by using the signaling ordefault context. Then, the actual context required for transferring acall is activated according to the agreed capability information.Thereby, the additional signaling required for the RSVP can be saved soas to decrease signaling load. Moreover, the proposed solution accordingto the present invention is transparent for the core network, since theapplication protocol messages can be transparently transferred to thefirst network.

Preferably, the activation is performed by transmitting a contextactivation request message including parameters based on which thecapability information is determined to the first network. The protocolsetup step is preferably performed at the calling end, such that thecalled end is directly notified of requested connection.

The call is preferably a voice call. Thus, the network layer capability(e.g. QoS profile) required by the real-time voice traffic can beprovided in an efficient manner even via different networks. However,the present invention is applicable to any call and/or transaction (e.g.service message, download program, or the like) which may be transferredbased on a context activation.

Furthermore, the first network may be a mobile network, and the contextmay be a secondary PDP context. Such a secondary PDP context isapplicable both for mobile-originated and mobile-terminated calls, suchthat the context activation may always be performed by the connectionendpoint connected to the mobile network regardless of the originationof the call and/or transaction. The mobile network may be a UMTSnetwork, while the second network may be an IP network.

Preferably, the application protocol may be the H.323 or H.248 protocol,or the SIP. Since these protocols are widely applicable in any IP basednetwork, a universal solution for the capability exchange betweendifferent networks can be provided.

The capability information may be a QoS requirement. Thus, a desired QoScan be assured in the first as well as in the second network withoutrequiring any additional RSVP signaling for reserving resources alongthe existing route setup within the first and the second networks. TheQoS requirement may define a kind of codec (e.g. in H.323, H.248 or SIPenvironments) or a maximum bitrate, a guaranteed bitrate and/or atransfer delay (e.g. in the Activate (Secondary) PDP Context Requestmessage of the GPRS core network).

Furthermore, an IETF Diffserv service may be used in intermediatenetworks to provide a capability according to said capabilityinformation. Based on this service, intermediate network routers can beinformed of the required capability (e.g. QoS requirements) of thetransferred call and/or transaction by using a signaling protocol so asto reserve required resources.

The determination means of the terminal device may be arranged todetermine the capability information based on a capability agreed in asetup negotiation with a called endpoint connected to the secondnetwork, the setup negotiation being initialized by a setup means of theterminal device.

On the other hand, the determination means of the terminal device may bearranged to determine the capability information based on a protocolmessage received from a calling endpoint connected to the secondnetwork. Thus, due to the fact that a secondary context can be activatedfrom the calling endpoint as well as from the called endpoint, theproposed transfer of the capability information can be performedregardless of the direction of the call transfer.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following, the present invention will be described in greaterdetail on the basis of a preferred embodiment with reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 shows a basic block diagram of a UMTS network connected to an IPnetwork, where the preferred embodiment of the present invention can beimplemented,

FIG. 2 shows a basic block diagram of a user equipment according to thepreferred embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 3 shows a signaling diagram indicating a PDP activation signalingfor a mobile-originated call according to the preferred embodiment ofthe present invention, and

FIG. 4 shows, a signaling diagram indicating a PDP activation for amobile-terminated call according to the preferred embodiment of thepresent invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT(S)

In the following, the preferred embodiment of the method and systemaccording to the present invention will be described on the basis of aUMTS system connected to an IP network 6 as shown in FIG. 1.

According to FIG. 1, the UMTS network comprises a UTRAN (UMTS RadioAccess Network) 2 connected to a GPRS-based core network, wherein aconnection to the IP network 6 is established via an SGSN (Serving GPRSSupport Node) 3 and a GGSN (Gateway GPRS Support Node) 4.

Furthermore, a user equipment (UE) 1 such as a mobile terminal orstation is radio-connected to the UTRAN 2. The UTRAN 2 is a wirelessaccess network which provides access to the GPRS-based core network ofthe UMTS network. The IP network 6 may be any IP-based network which canbe connected to the UMTS network. Furthermore, a terminal equipment (TE)5 is shown, which may be any voice or data terminal connected to the IPnetwork 6.

Thus, according to FIG. 1, a data or voice call or any kind oftransaction, such as a service message or download program or the like,can be transferred between the UE 1 and the TE 5 via the UMTS networkand the IP network 6.

The main objective of the GPRS core network is to offer a connection tostandard data networks (using protocols such as TCP/IP, X.25, and CLNP(ConnectionLess Network Protocol)). The packet-oriented GPRS corenetwork infrastructure introduces two support nodes, —the GGSN 4 and theSGSN 3. The main functions of the GGSN 4 involve interaction with theexternal IP network 6. The GGSN 4 updates the location directory usingrouting information supplied by the SGSN 3 about a path of a concernedmobile terminal and routes the external data network protocol packetencapsulated over the GPRS backbone to the SGSN 3 currently serving theconcerned mobile terminal (e.g. the UE 1). It also decapsulates andforwards external data network packets to the IP network 6 and handlesthe charging of data traffic. The main functions of the SGSN 3 are todetect new GPRS mobile terminals in its serving area, handle the processof registering the new mobile terminals along with the GPRS registers,send/receive data packets to/from the concerned mobile terminal and keepa record of the location of the mobile terminals inside its servicearea. The subscription information is stored in a GPRS register wherethe mapping between a mobile's identity and the PSPDN (Packet SwitchedPublic Data Network) address (e.g. IP network address) is stored. TheGPRS register acts as a data base from which the SGSN 3 can derivewhether a new mobile terminal in its area is allowed to join the GPRScore network.

In the idle state, the UE 1 does not have a logical GPRS contextactivated or any PSPDN addresses allocated. In this state, the UE 1 canonly receive multicast messages which can be received by any GPRS mobileterminal. Since the GPRS network infrastructure does not know thelocation of the UE 1, it is not possible to send any messages to the UE1 from the external IP network 6.

When the UE 1 is switched on, the first procedure performed between theUE 1 and the GPRS core network is radio synchronisation. When the UE 1wants to start using the GPRS service of the UMTS network, it initiatesa context activation procedure to establish a context of the logicallink between the UE 1 and the SGSN 3 using a dedicated control channelas a carrier.

In case a call is to be transferred between the TE 5 of the IP network 6and the UE 1, a capability information has to be exchanged between theUE 1 and the TE 5, so as to assure the capability requirements on thetransmission path via the UMTS network and the IP network 6.

According to the initially mentioned prior art, the known system wasarranged to use the RSVP between the UE 1 or the GGSN 4 and the externalTE 5 to signal the capability requirements, e.g. QoS requirement (i.e.UE

TE or GGSN

TE).

According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, anapplication protocol is set up between the UE 1 and TE 5 before theactivation of the PDP (Packet Data Protocol) context and the actual calltransfer. In this case, the capabilities can be agreed in advance basedon the protocol messages of the application protocol.

An application protocol suitable for this purpose is e.g. the protocolaccording to the International Telecommunications Union (ITU)Recommendation H.323. This standard covers technical requirements fornarrow band visual telephone (or audio graphics) services. H.323 coversthe elements needed for a visual telephone call. Video codex and sharedapplication standards are not required for audio telephone calls, butexist within the same standard framework. H.323 is an applicationprotocol which specifies packet-based multimedia communication systemsacross networks which might not provide any QoS guarantees. The H.323protocol is applicable to any IP based network, including the Internetand applies to audio-only terminals as well as those with videocapabilities.

To establish a point-to-point call using H.323 two TCP connections arerequired. The first of these which must be set up is commonly known asthe Q.931 channel. The calling endpoint initiates set up of this TCPconnection to the called endpoint. Call setup messages are thenexchanged as defined in H.225.0. If the called endpoint accepts thecall, then the IP address and port for the additional H.245 channel thatneeds to be set up is conveyed to the calling endpoint using the Q.931channel. The calling endpoint can then open a TCP connection to theindicated address and port to form the H.245 channel. Once, the H.245channel has been set up, the Q.931 channel is no longer required in thecase of a simple call and may be closed by either one of the endpoints.

In view of the fact that the Q.931 messages include a number ofmessage-specific information elements comprising a capabilityinformation, the required transfer of the capability information betweenthe TE 5 and the UE 1 can be achieved by performing a H.323 setup.

Alternatively, the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) which is an IETFprotocol for initiating calls in IP networks could be used fortransferring the capability information. The SIP is an application levelprotocol developed by the IETF's Multiparty Multimedia Session ControlWorking Group and is described in RFC 2453. SIP can be used to establishmultimedia sessions or call such as internet telephony, multimediaconferencing and distance learning. SIP handles the following cases ofcommunication: User location, user capability, user availability, callsetup and call handling.

The first step in the initiation of a call using SIP is to locate a SIPserver for the called endpoint. This can be achieved by sending a clientrequest to the SIP-server which may be either a default local proxy SIPserver or the SIP server for the called party. The SIP server for thecalled party can be located based on the SIP address if it is a numericIP address. Alternatively, the DNS (Domain Name Server) can be used toobtain a list of addresses that can be tried for SIP servers. Once a SIPserver has been found, the calling endpoint can invite the calledendpoint to join the communication session. The protocol messageexchanges for the indication process vary depending on whether thecontacted server acts as a proxy server or a redirect server for thatparticular invitation.

Thus, the above suggested H.323 and SIP protocols provide a possibilityfor exchanging the capability information (e.g. QoS-requirements) beforeactually performing call transfer. However, other suitable applicationprotocols such as the H.248 terminal control protocol may be used forthis purpose.

FIG. 2 shows a basic block diagram of the UE 1 according to thepreferred embodiment of the present invention. It is to be noted thatonly those parts essential for the present invention are shown in FIG.2.

According to FIG. 2, the UE 1 comprises a transceiver (TRX) 15 arrangedto transmit or receive signals via the wireless connection to/from theUTRAN 2. The TRX 15 is connected to a codec 14 arranged to perform asuitable coding or decoding of the signals transmitted to or receivedfrom the UMTS network.

Furthermore, a protocol signaling unit 11 is provided, which performs asetup signaling of an application protocol (e.g. H.323, H.248 or SIP),when a call is to be originated at the UE 1. Then, the exchange of theprotocol messages between the UE 1 and the called TE 5 are supplied to acapability determination unit 12 arranged to determine an agreedcapability based on the capability information received with theprotocol message from the TE 5. The determined or agreed capability isthen supplied to a context control unit 13 which maintains and generatesthe context information required for a context activation messagetransmitted to the SGSN 3 so as to establish the required capability inthe GPRS core network of the UMTS network.

It is to be noted that the transfer of the initial setup messages of theapplication protocol is performed in the GPRS core network by using asignaling or default context. Furthermore, it should be noted that thefunctions of the blocks 11 to 13 shown in FIG. 2 may be achieved bycorresponding control programs or routines used to control a processingmeans (e.g. CPU) arranged in the UE 1.

In the following, the context activation signaling is described for amobile-originated call and a mobile-terminated call based on FIGS. 3 and4, respectively.

FIG. 3 shows a signaling diagram for the case of a mobile-originatedcall, i.e. the UE 1 is the calling endpoint. When the UE 1 wants totransfer a call to the external TE 5, it controls the protocol signalingunit 11 so as to initiate a setup signaling using an applicationprotocol as the above mentioned H.323, H.248 or SIP protocols. Theprotocol messages exchanged during the setup procedure are transferredusing the signaling or default PDP context within the UMTS network.Thus, the UE 1 is able to communicate with the called TE 5 on therequired capabilities (e.g. kind of codecs etc.).

When the capability determination unit 12 has determined the agreedcapability, this capability information is supplied to the contextcontrol unit 13 which is then controlled to initiate a secondary PDPcontext activation corresponding to the agreed capability. To achievethis, the context control unit 13 generates an Activate Secondary PDPContext Request message and performs control so as to transmit thismessage to the SGSN 3. Based on parameters (e.g. QoS requested,including QoS parameters like maximum bitrate, guaranteed bitrate,transfer delay etc.) included in this message, the agreed capabilityinformation, e.g. desired QoS profile, is determined by performing amapping operation between the agreed capability information and theparameters. The SGSN 3 then validates the Activate Secondary PDP ContextRequest message and derives an address of the corresponding GGSN 4.Then, the SGSN 3 creates a Tunnel Identifier (TID) for the requested PDPcontext and transmits a Create PDP Context Request message to the GGSN4. The GGSN 4 uses an Access Point Name included in the Create PDPContext Request Message to find the IP network 6 and creates a new entryin its PDP context table. The new entry allows the GGSN 4 to routecorresponding data packets between the SGSN 3 and the external IPnetwork 6. Furthermore, the GGSN 4 establishes the required capabilities(e.g. negotiated QoS) and returns a Create PDP Context Response messageto the SGSN 3. In response thereto, the SGSN 3 returns an Activate PDPContext Response message to the UE 1 and is now able to route datapackets between the GGSN 4 and the UE 1.

Thus, the capability requirements (e.g. QoS mechanisms) provided for thecalled party depend on the environment of the called party, e.g. thecapabilities defined in the secondary PDP context activation. However,there is no longer need to use the RSVP between the UE 1 or the GGSN 4and the TE 5 to signal the capability requirements (e.g. kind of codecsetc.) to the called party.

FIG. 4 shows a signaling diagram for the case of a mobile-terminatedcall, i.e. the TE 5 transfers a call to the UE 1. In this case, the TEinitially transmits a setup message of an application protocol such asthe above mentioned H.323, H.248 or SIP to the UE 1, while the signalingor default context is used within the UMTS network to transparentlytransfer this message. The protocol setup message is then supplied tothe protocol signaling unit 11 of the UE 1, which may directly generatea protocol setup response message so as to acknowledge the protocolsetup. Based on the receipt protocol setup message, the capabilitydetermination unit 12 determines an agreed capability and supplies thedetermined capability to the context control unit 13. Then, the contextcontrol unit 13 performs control so as to transmit an Activate SecondaryPDP Context Request message to the SGSN 3. Then, as described inconnection with FIG. 3, the SGSN 3 issues a Create PDP Context Requestmessage to the GGSN 4 based on the capability information included inthe Activate Secondary PDP Context Request message received from the UE1. Having received the Create PDP Context Response message from the GGSN4, the SGSN 3 transmits the Activate Secondary PDP Context Responsemessage to the UE 1, to thereby establish the connection within the UMTSnetwork.

As an alternative, the above mentioned application protocol setupresponse message may be transmitted after the secondary PDP contextactivation, as indicated by the broken arrows shown in FIG. 4.

Thus, also in the mobile-terminated call, the UE 1 initiates thesecondary PDP context activation. The UE 1 has received the capabilitiesof the calling TE 5 and knows its own capabilities, such that thecapability determination unit 12 is able to set the minimum capabilityrequirements (e.g. QoS requirements) for the PDP context according tothe agreed capabilities. Moreover, also in this case, the RSVP betweenthe UE 1 or the GGSN 4 and the TE 5 is not required to be used to signalthe capability requirements to the TE 5.

In case other intermediate networks are arranged between the UMTSnetwork and the IP network 6, the IETF Differentiated Services(Diffserv) mechanism can be used to provide the required capability,e.g. QoS profile. Diffserv defines a service where an octet in thepacket header is used to mark packets with a codepoint value. The markedpackets indicate a class of service to be established by network routersrouting the packets to the destination.

However, any suitable mechanism may by used to provide the requiredcapability in the intermediate networks.

In summary, a method and system is described for activating a context ina first network so as to transfer a call and/or a transaction via saidfirst network and a second network. Initially, an application protocolsuch as H.323, H.248 or SIP is set up using a signaling or defaultcontext within the first network. Based on a message of the applicationprotocol transmitted from the second network, a capability informationis determined and used to activate the context. Thereby, thecapabilities can be agreed in advance and the context can be activatede.g. as a secondary context for both mobile-originated andmobile-terminated calls and/or transactions. Accordingly, a reservationprotocol is no longer required to signal the capability requirements tothe second network, and signaling load can be decreased.

It is pointed out that the context activation method and systemdescribed in the preferred embodiment can be applied to any network inwhich a context can be activated to establish a required capability.Moreover, any application protocol by means of which a capabilityexchange can be performed using protocol messages can be applied so asto agree the required capability before actually activating the context.The capability is not restricted to the QoS requirements, but anycapability requirement which can be exchanged via protocol messages andwhich is required in the context activation can be agreed by theproposed solution. The above description of the preferred embodiment andthe accompanying drawings are only intended to illustrate the presentinvention. The preferred embodiment of the invention may thus varywithin the scope of the attached claims.

1. An apparatus, comprising: a receiver configured to receive a setupmessage according to an application protocol using at least one of asignaling and a default context within a network; and a processorconfigured to determine capability information based on the setupmessage according to the application protocol, without using a resourcereservation protocol to reserve resources through a routing path; andactivate a context using the determined capability information, whereinthe processor is configured to set up the application protocol beforeactivating the context.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein theprocessor is further configured to determine the capability information,without using the resource reservation protocol to reserve resourcesthrough the routing path from a first terminal equipment to a secondterminal equipment.
 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the applicationprotocol is set up between a calling equipment and a called equipmentbefore activating the context.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein theprocessor is further configured to determine the capability informationbased on a capability agreed upon in a negotiation with a calledendpoint connected to another network, wherein the processor isconfigured to initialize the negotiation.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1,wherein the processor is further configured to determine the capabilityinformation based on a protocol message received from a call originationendpoint.
 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus comprises amobile terminal.
 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the applicationprotocol comprises at least one of a H.323 protocol, a H.248 protocol,and a session initiation protocol.
 8. The apparatus of claim 1, whereinthe capability information is a quality of service requirement.
 9. Theapparatus of claim 8, wherein the quality of service requirementcomprises one or more of a kind of codec, a maximum bitrate, aguaranteed bitrate, and a transfer delay.
 10. A method, comprising:receiving a setup message according to an application protocol using atleast one of a signaling and a default context within a network;determining capability information based on the setup message accordingto the application protocol, without using a resource reservationprotocol to reserve resources through a routing path; and activating acontext using the determined capability information, wherein theapplication protocol is set up before activating the context.
 11. Themethod of claim 10, wherein the capability information is determinedwithout using the resource reservation protocol to reserve resourcesthrough the routing path from a first terminal equipment to a secondterminal equipment.
 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the set up isperformed at a call origination endpoint.
 13. The method of claim 10,wherein the call is a voice call.
 14. The method of claim 10, whereinthe network is a mobile network, and the context is a secondary packetdata protocol context.
 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the mobilenetwork is a universal mobile telecommunications system network.
 16. Themethod of claim 10, wherein the application protocol comprises at leastone of a H.323 protocol, a H.248 protocol, and a session initiationprotocol.
 17. The method of claim 10, wherein the capability informationis a quality of service requirement.
 18. The method of claim 17, whereinthe quality of service requirement comprises one or more of a kind ofcodec, a maximum bitrate, a guaranteed bitrate, and a transfer delay.19. An apparatus, comprising: receiving means for receiving a setupmessage according to an application protocol using at least one of asignaling and a default context within a network; determining means fordetermining capability information based on said setup message accordingto the application protocol, without using a resource reservationprotocol to reserve resources through a routing path; and activatingmeans for activating a context using said determined capabilityinformation, wherein the apparatus is configured to set up theapplication protocol before activating said context.
 20. The apparatusof claim 19, wherein the activating means is configured to transmit acontext activation request message comprising the determined capabilityinformation to the network.
 21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein theset up is located at a call origination end-point of at least one of thecall and a transaction.
 22. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein thedetermining means is configured to determine the capability informationbased on a capability agreed in a setup negotiation with a calledendpoint, wherein the setup negotiation is initialized by the apparatus.23. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the determining means isconfigured to determine the capability information based on a protocolmessage received from a call origination endpoint.
 24. The apparatus ofclaim 19, wherein the capability information is determined without usingthe resource reservation protocol to reserve resources through therouting path from a first terminal equipment to a second terminalequipment.
 25. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the applicationprotocol is set up between a calling equipment and a called equipmentbefore activating the context.
 26. A computer program embodied on anon-transitory computer-readable medium, the computer programcontrolling a processor to perform a process, the process comprising:receiving a setup message according to an application protocol using atleast one of a signaling and a default context within a network;determining capability information based on the setup message accordingto the application protocol, without using a resource reservationprotocol to reserve resources through a routing path; and activating acontext using the determined capability information, wherein theapplication protocol is setup before activating the context.
 27. Thecomputer program of claim 26, wherein the activation is performed bytransmitting a context activation request message comprising requiredinformation to the network, wherein the capability information is mappedto the required information.
 28. The computer program of claim 26,wherein the set up is performed at a call origination endpoint.
 29. Thecomputer program of claim 26, wherein the call is a voice.
 30. Thecomputer program of claim 26, wherein the network is a mobile network,and the context is a secondary packet data protocol context.
 31. Thecomputer program of claim 30, wherein the mobile network is a universalmobile telecommunications system network.
 32. The computer program ofclaim 26, wherein the application protocol comprises at least one of aH.323 protocol, a H.248 protocol, and a session initiation protocol. 33.The computer program of claim 26, wherein the capability information isa quality of service requirement.
 34. The computer program of claim 33,wherein the quality of service requirement comprises one or more of akind of codec, a maximum bitrate, a guaranteed bitrate, and a transferdelay.